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(Baothanhhoa.vn) - Tròn ba mươi năm, khi tờ tập san Người bạn văn hóa (do Ty Văn hóa Thanh Hóa đảm nhiệm) ra đời (1964), đến năm 1994 bằng những nỗ lực của Ban Thường trực khóa IV, do anh Lê Xuân Giang làm chủ tịch, tờ tạp chí Văn nghệ Thanh Hóa có giấy phép của Bộ Văn hóa Thông tin để xuất bản chính thức. Từ đây Hội Văn nghệ Thanh Hóa có cơ quan ngôn luận chính thức của mình.
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